RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS AT GOMBE METROPOLITAN ABATTOIR, GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

This retrospective study examines the prevalence of bTB at Gombe Metropolitan Abattoir, Nigeria, over a five-year period (2016-2020). Bovine tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium bovis, is a chronic infectious disease with zoonotic potential, necessitating comprehensive monitoring and control measures. The study analyzed data from postmortem examinations conducted on slaughtered cattle, focusing on the presence of typical tuberculosis lesions. Standard meat inspection procedures were employed, involving visual and palpation examinations of organs and lymph nodes. Statistical analysis using Microsoft Excel and SPSS revealed varying annual and monthly prevalence rates of bTB. Findings indicate an overall annual prevalence rate of 0.96%, with fluctuations observed across the study period. Monthly prevalence rates ranged from 0.41% to 1.19%, with no distinct seasonal pattern identified. However, a higher occurrence of bTB was noted during the wet season compared to the dry season. Despite the relatively low prevalence observed, bTB remains a concern due to its potential impact on public health and livestock welfare. Recommendations include enhancing surveillance systems, raising awareness among stakeholders, implementing biosecurity measures, and fostering collaborative research efforts. These measures are essential for effectively managing bTB and mitigating its spread within the livestock population and to humans.