Physiological Response, Haematology and Triiodothyronine Profile in West African Dwarf and KalaWad does as Affected by the Cold-dry Season

Authors

  • Shittu O. O. Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta
  • Odeyemi A. J. Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta
  • Toviesi D. P. Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta
  • Okwelum N. Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta
  • Adekunle E. A. Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta
  • Famakinwa S. A. Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta
  • Bankole O. Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta
  • Adeyemi S. A. Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta
  • Isiah M. T. Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v51i6.8295

Keywords:

Physiological response, Blood profile, Triiodothyronine profile, Cold-dry season

Abstract

Although animals can adapt to climatic stressors, the response mechanisms that ensure survival are also detrimental to performance (Pragna et al., 2018). An experiment to investigate the physiological response, haematological changes and triiodothyronine profile in non-gravid West African Dwarf (n=9) and KalaWad (n=9) does aged between 2-3 years with live weight between 15-35 kg in the cold dry season (November-January) was carried out. Animals were raised semi-intensively and allowed to graze in a paddock planted with Pennisetum purpureum and Pannicum maximum grass. Physiological parameters were recorded weekly and blood samples were collected twice a month for three months via the jugular vein puncture for haematological and hormonal assay analysis. Data were analysed using a general linear model appropriate for 2 x 2 x 3 factorial format. West African Dwarf goats had significantly higher (p<0.001) rectal temperature (36.73 vs. 36.52oC), and heart rate (80.07 vs. 78.09beats/min) than KALAWAD goats while respiratory rates and pulse rates were not significant (p>0.05) in the two breeds. The interaction between breed and month of sampling on haematological variables showed that RBC counts (10.01 ± 0.54×1012/L) and MCH (9.22 ± 0.11pg) were higher in the month of November in KALAWAD while RDW (27.08 ± 0.43fl) and B (0.58 ± 0.08%) on the other hand werehigherin the WAD goats in the same month. The month of November had the highest T3 level followedby December and January in that order (3.46±0.36 vs 2.78±0.22 vs 2.3±0.2 ng/mL) respectively. It can be concluded from the study that the West African Dwarf was able to withstand the hot afternoons in the humid tropics as well as cope with high humid conditions due to their faster metabolic activities so as to maintain homeostasis.

 

 

 

 

Bien que les animaux puissent s’adapter aux stress climatiques, les mécanismes de réponse qui assurent leur survie sont également préjudiciables à leurs performances (Pragna et al., 2018). Une expérience a été menée pour étudier la réponse physiologique, les modifications hématologiques et le profil de triiodothyronine chez des chèvres non gravides de race West African Dwarf (n=9) et KalaWad (n=9), âgées de 2 à 3 ans et pesant entre 15 et 35 kg, pendant la saison froide et sèche (novembre-janvier). Les animaux étaient élevés de manière semi-intensive et autorisés à paître dans un enclos planté d’herbes Pennisetum purpureum et Panicum maximum. Les paramètres physiologiques ont été enregistrés chaque semaine, et des échantillons sanguins ont été prélevés deux fois par mois pendant trois mois par ponction de la veine jugulaire pour des analyses hématologiques et hormonales. Les données ont été analysées à l’aide d’un modèle linéaire général adapté à un format factoriel 2 x 2 x 3. Les chèvres West African Dwarf présentaient une température rectale (36,73 vs. 36,52 °C) et une fréquence cardiaque (80,07 vs. 78,09 battements/min) significativement plus élevées (p < 0,001) que les chèvres KALAWAD, tandis que les fréquences respiratoires et les pouls n’étaient pas significativement différents (p > 0,05) entre les deux races. L’interaction entre la race et le mois d’échantillonnage sur les variables hématologiques a montré que les taux de globules rouges (10,01 ± 0,54× 10¹²/L) et la TCMH (9,22 ± 0,11 pg) étaient plus élevés en novembre chez les KALAWAD, tandis que le RDW (27,08 ± 0,43 fL) et les lymphocytes B (0,58 ± 0,08 %) étaient plus élevés chez les chèvres West African Dwarf le même mois. Le mois de novembre a enregistré le taux de T3 le plus élevé, suivi de décembre et janvier respectivement (3,46 ± 0,36 vs. 2,78 ± 0,22 vs. 2,3 ± 0,2 ng/mL). Il peut être conclu de cette étude que la chèvre naine ouest-africaine a mieux résisté aux après-midis chauds des tropiques humides et s’est adaptée aux conditions de forte humidité grâce à son métabolisme plus rapide, lui permettant ainsi de maintenir l’homéostasie.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Author Biographies

Shittu O. O. , Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta

1Institute of Food Security Environmental Resources and Agricultural Research, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, P.M.B. 2240, Alabata, Ogun state, Nigeria

Odeyemi A. J., Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta

2Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, P.M.B. 2240, Alabata, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Toviesi D. P. , Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta

1Institute of Food Security Environmental Resources and Agricultural Research, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, P.M.B. 2240, Alabata, Ogun state, Nigeria

Okwelum N., Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta

1Institute of Food Security Environmental Resources and Agricultural Research, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, P.M.B. 2240, Alabata, Ogun state, Nigeria

Adekunle E. A., Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta

2Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, P.M.B. 2240, Alabata, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Famakinwa S. A., Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta

1Institute of Food Security Environmental Resources and Agricultural Research, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, P.M.B. 2240, Alabata, Ogun state, Nigeria

Bankole O., Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta

2Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, P.M.B. 2240, Alabata, Ogun State, Nigeria

Adeyemi S. A., Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta

2Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, P.M.B. 2240, Alabata, Ogun State, Nigeria

Isiah M. T., Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta

2Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, P.M.B. 2240, Alabata, Ogun State, Nigeria

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Published

2024-12-06

How to Cite

O. O. , S., A. J., O., D. P. , T., N., O., E. A., A., S. A., F., O., B., S. A., A., & M. T., I. (2024). Physiological Response, Haematology and Triiodothyronine Profile in West African Dwarf and KalaWad does as Affected by the Cold-dry Season. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production, 51(6), 70–83. https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v51i6.8295