MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE BACTERIA ISOLATES FROM FISH FARMS IN IGBOORA, OYO STATE.

Abstract

This study was targeted at evaluating the resistance pattern of bacteria isolates from gut and blood of adult Clarias gariepinus. Gut contents and blood samples of 50 adult Clarias gariepinus from Igboora, Oyo State were randomly sampled and analysed bacteriologically. The bacteria isolated were subjected to antimicrobial sensitivity test using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Antibiotics used for the antimicrobial test were Ampicillin (10 μg), Chloramphenicol (30 μg), Ciprofoxacin (5 μg), Doxycycline (30 μg), Enrofloxacin (10 μg), Fosfomycine (50 μg), Nitrofurantoin (300 μg), Norfloxacin (10 μg), Oxytetracycline (30 μg), and Sulphamethozaxole (25 μg). Seven bacteria genera were isolated from the blood and gut contents. These bacteria were Citrobacter freundi, Edwardsiella tarda, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp, Salmonella sp, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus Sp. Cumulative prevalence for all the antimicrobial agents were 59% resistance, 39% susceptibility and 2% intermediate, while the differential prevalence for individual antibiotic is as follows: susceptibility was between 6 to 61%, intermediate was between 6 to11% while resistance was between 39 to 83%. The MARI i.e. multiple antibiotic resistance index ranges from 0.4 to 0.9, while the prevalence of frequency of MARI ranges from 5.5 to 28%. The highest resistance prevalence pattern (83%) was seen in chloramphenicol and oxytetracycline, the highest susceptibility prevalence pattern was seen in enrofloxacin while the highest intermediate prevalence pattern was seen in chloramphenicol. Salmonella sp had the highest MARI i.e. 0.9 while Citrobacter freundi had the lowest MARI i.e. 0.4. Necessary actions should be taken to prevent further damage by this pending plague.